What kind of 'rare' millipede did I buy? (no one seems to know...please help out a beginner!)

Toyboks

Arachnopeon
Joined
Jan 31, 2018
Messages
1
Hey guys!

bit of a long one but I would massively appreciate some advice from someone more experienced than me.

I've trawled through a few topics and I couldn't find anything conclusive but a lot of topics were from a few years back so I thought I'd share some photos and ask you good experienced folks for help.

I've recently acquired my first millipede (at SEAS convention in the UK). I have kept a few inverts before and have always loved millipedes so I thought I'd try my hand at it. I had planned on buying some rainbow millipedes as I liked their colouration, but as I was looking around the con a friend called me over to a stall and showed me a cup with a gorgeous millipede in it.

https://imgur.com/OdUKEvE

The top of the cup merely identified it as 'MILIPEDE SARAWAK BORNEO 20£' and I decided to buy. (I'm aware of the controversies around buying wild-caught animals, but there was also a six or seven-year-old boy there who was hanging off his mum's arm trying to convince her to buy it for him, and I figured that if I didn't take it someone would, and at least I knew i'd try my best to give it everything it needed.)

The seller seemed to know next to nothing about the millipede, simply telling me to feed it oranges and that it was a male, and that he'd sold the female separately.

After showing the millipede to several more-experienced millipede keepers/sellers/breeders at the show, I was informed that it was arboreal, needed four mistings a week, and that the oranges would only provide hydration and no nutrition. I was advised to feed moss and Cambridge nutrition feeder insect gut load pellets.

I have since taken my millipede home and got him set up. After reading that the enclosure should be at least twice the length of the animal's body, I upgraded him to an exo terra mini wide and plan on replacing the top with acrylic to help keep the humidity up.

https://imgur.com/vLhs7lQ

It's a bit basic but if anyone can suggest any improvements to me, please do!
The setup is a little bioactive with tropical springtails, tropical isopods, and tropical moss.

I also was surprised to find a pill millipede inside my millipede's cup at the bottom, curled into a sphere. After reading up on how badly they do in captivity, I was dismayed - I would have never bought it intentionally being such a novice, yet alone knowing the complete lack of any real success with them. I saw it walking around a little but it appears to have died soon after.

https://imgur.com/U5zBrHG

Now with a bit of context, I was hoping I could have some questions answered.

Q1. The first, most glaring question is 'what species is my millipede?'

I'm aware that it looks like a flame-leg, and there's some speculation over these colourations being some kind of morph. However, I must point out that my millipede has absolutely no red or coloured banding on his body at all. his legs are a bright fuchsia and yellow, and he has a bright red bottom (that looks a bit like a clam) with a large black telson spike. He is also over 20cm long. from my understanding, flame-leg millipedes tend to max out around 10cm. In my research, I also read accounts from photographers in Borneo claiming they have seen them up to 30cm long.

https://imgur.com/NkryFDb - compared to my forearm
https://imgur.com/99iBaS0 - in his viv
https://imgur.com/MeW2F7c - close-up of legs and a mite
https://imgur.com/jVjXAZh - with a ruler
https://imgur.com/MEcBPVQ - his bottom and telson spike

This leads me to believe that he is not a colour morph variant, but rather a different species. I don't know if anything has been concluded about this, but I asked on a Facebook group for millipedes and while the pictures got some 110 likes, no one had an answer for me.

Q2. my millipede seemed very hungry once I got him home, and ate the pellets and a large piece of cucumber and some courgette with great gusto. he also seems to drink water droplets off of the glass a lot. I haven't seen him eating any dead leaves. is that normal?

Q3. My millipede has a grey ring a little over two thirds down his body. Can anyone confirm if this is an injury?
https://imgur.com/TWNhahP
it doesn't seem to bother him, but I was curious about it.

Q4. What does millipede poop look like? when I googled for it I saw pictures of small balls. I noticed my millipede excreting a strange gooey green stuff from between his little red clam butt.

https://imgur.com/5PkBbvL

you can see it here as a blob on the cucumber, and I found some more in the enclosure. the consistency kinda reminds me of 'boogers'. I thought it might be because he's only eating the cucumber, but I'm not sure if this is normal or not. it doesn't smell or anything.

Q5. is there anything glaringly obvious that I'm doing wrong? since I just found the pill millipede dead, I'm concerned that there's something wrong with my setup that might affect my large millipede. I am aware that I have no idea how old either of them is, and that pill millipedes are notorious for dying pretty fast in captivity. I did not see it eat at all. the large millipede seems happy and fine and burrows and wanders around and eats enthusiastically but if anything should be improved for him please do tell me. (perhaps I'm being paranoid but better safe than sorry!)


https://imgur.com/a/7mi91

here is an additional imgur album with all the pictures I have shown here, as well as several that I have found on the internet of the same species. Most of the images are from photographers who have travelled to Borneo and don't seem to be identified by qualified 'experts'. Many call it a flame-leg Millipede, and I've also seen it called a Borneo giant millipede, but I think this might be more descriptive than factual as a search for this as a common name turned up no results.

Thank you for sticking with me to read all of this! I look forward eagerly to hearing a response.



all the best from Ines and Udon c:
 
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kjgalaxy

Arachnosquire
Joined
Jul 7, 2016
Messages
93
I'm still fairly inexperienced so if someone pipes up more knowledgeable, go with their advice. I had no luck finding any information beyond a picture of one taken in Gunung Gading National Park--so yes, Borneo. So can't help with Q1. Q2. All my millies love cucumber. Potatoes are popular but mine seem uninterested. Spinach seems to be popular for the giants, so you might try that. My Gigas (African giants) love spinach. I use fish food I mix into the substrate to help provide minerals and vitamins and I mix in powdered calcium carbonate I get from the calcium carbonate things for birds. I always simply misted my millies, but for my larger ones I put a small dish of water in there (I don't do this for my tank with babies as they could easily drown) and they really like having it. I also have crested geckos so the food I give to them I also give to my millies. It's a dried fruit powder than you mix with water. My millies love it. My millies eat some leaves and I have some olive millies that love bark and wood. They don't have strong jaws so if the leaves aren't already a little broken down, it can be hard for them to eat. You can ferment them (leaves and woodchips) using yeast. I need to dig out the convo I had with Peter (bugsincyberspace) I think it was who told me how to do it. I'll see if I can find the instructions. Many millies do need the high humidity. If your guy starts getting less active, you may need to add a heater. All my millies except for my orthoporus (desert millies) have a heater on their tanks to help with the humidity level and I try to keep it around 80 or above for them. My heater is just a heating mat for tanks that I put on the sidewall. I positively love your set up. Mine aren't nearly that pretty. I got some big cork bark too. My big guys love to just curl up under the cork. Q3. As far as the grey ring--yes that's probably damaged from a molt and nothing to be overly concerned about. If they are disturbed during a molt that can happen. Q4. Okay, never seen that green poop before. Mine is brown or black little balls. Perhaps the moss is the source. Might be the cucumbers but I've never had that with mine. Q5. I sort of answered in Q2. Might need a heater. Keep it humid. Provide a small water bowl (also help with humidity). Might look at getting a big piece of cork bark. Make certain the wood you have in there is *light* I had a young giga that was happily digging in her tank and I had a piece of wood in there that was too heavy and she collapsed it on top of herself and died. I redid their tanks after that so that couldn't happen again. I was heartbroken especially since she was my first millie. Good luck. I'm insanely jealous. Living in the US, we're rather limited on the species we have access to.
 
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mickiem

Arachnoprince
Active Member
Joined
Jul 23, 2016
Messages
1,652
I think @kjgalaxy put you on the right track. Their main diet would be rotting wood. There is a Millipede Care Sheet pinned at the top of this forum; that has lots of good basic info. Good luck, that is a beautiful species!
 

LawnShrimp

Arachnoangel
Joined
Dec 9, 2016
Messages
907
Millipedes need plenty of rotten wood and dead leaves to eat. Moss will also be consumed but tree leaves and wood are best. No wood from conifers though; it is inedible to millipedes.
You are correct that the green fecal pellet is because he ate a lot of cucumber and that's all that was in his digestive tract.

It does not look like macropygus to me; in fact, it does not even look like a member of the Spirobolidae family. I would reason to guess that it is a Spirostreptid in the subfamily Harpagophoridae.
https://farm8.static.flickr.com/7219/7353128906_72bb4ac605_b.jpg
https://farm8.static.flickr.com/7230/7167919629_90dde66a8a_b.jpg
These links show that the millipede has the typical half-moon Spirostreptid eyes instead of the round eyes of Spirobolids.
https://hiveminer.com/Tags/macropygus
Here is the gallery I found these in. While it is labeled macropygus, it shows that there are clear anatomical differences: this millipede has the collum (first segment) typical of Spirostreptids, the aforementioned eyes, a much sharper telson spike typical of Harpagophorids, no suture on the face unlike Spirobolids, and different coloration (black, not striped body, much brighter legs with the color pattern reversed) from T. macropygus. The size also makes sense; T. macropygus do not get as large as the millipede you have.

Macropygus are also (I think but not totally sure) not found in Borneo, only the Philippines, whereas the photos above were taken in Malaysia, closer to Borneo.

I say that you have indeed found something rare! It is quite possibly an unnamed species that you have there. A shame the breeder didn't keep the female; those would have been the only babies of this sp. in captivity.
 
Last edited:

mickiem

Arachnoprince
Active Member
Joined
Jul 23, 2016
Messages
1,652
Millipedes need plenty of rotten wood and dead leaves to eat. Moss will also be consumed but tree leaves and wood are best. No wood from conifers though; it is inedible to millipedes.
You are correct that the green fecal pellet is because he ate a lot of cucumber and that's all that was in his digestive tract.

It does not look like macropygus to me; in fact, it does not even look like a member of the Spirobolidae family. I would reason to guess that it is a Spirostreptid in the subfamily Harpagophoridae.
https://farm8.static.flickr.com/7219/7353128906_72bb4ac605_b.jpg
https://farm8.static.flickr.com/7230/7167919629_90dde66a8a_b.jpg
These links show that the millipede has the typical half-moon Spirostreptid eyes instead of the round eyes of Spirobolids.
https://hiveminer.com/Tags/macropygus
Here is the gallery I found these in. While it is labeled macropygus, it shows that there are clear anatomical differences: this millipede has the collum (first segment) typical of Spirostreptids, the aforementioned eyes, a much sharper telson spike typical of Harpagophorids, no suture on the face unlike Spirobolids, and different coloration (black, not striped body, much brighter legs with the color pattern reversed) from T. macropygus. The size also makes sense; T. macropygus do not get as large as the millipede you have.

Macropygus are also (I think but not totally sure) not found in Borneo, only the Philippines, whereas the photos above were taken in Malaysia, closer to Borneo.

I say that you have indeed found something rare! It is quite possibly an unnamed species that you have there. A shame the breeder didn't keep the female; those would have been the only babies of this sp. in captivity.
I think there are more similarities to a Dendrostreptus macracanthus. The slender body and those super long legs! I have seen photos of this one before, but never identified. I agree it is a Spirostreptus.
 
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