Camerun expedition infos & photogallery: Jugositermes tuberculatus

ItalianTermiteMan

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Jul 23, 2023
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146
Hello Forum!
It's has been quite a while since i last posted here, and that was because i've been tagging along a research team on a termite expedition in Camerun, Cetral Africa. Now i'm back with new nice memories and photos (plus legally obtained and exported samples) and it's time to share some with you. We'll start with a termite species that i always liked a lot and was esthatic to finally see: Jugositermes tuberculatus!

This is a species of central-African soil-feeding Apicotermitinae usually found at the base of large trees where it nests in an underground series of chambers connected by narrow tunnels. While the workers are very similar in appearance to those of most others of their subfamily, the soldiers are very peculiar: robust, armed with very thick mandibles but especially equipped with a pari of very conspicuous armored ridges running above the antennal sockets, which further strenghten the already well hardened head capsule.
But now, let's start with some pics:


jugo 3.JPG
Two soldiers of J. tuberculatus. Note their very robust build, the thick mandibles and the aforementioned armored ridges.


jugo 2.JPG
Soldiers of J. tuberculatus. Their powerful crushing-type mandibles and armored "shield-like" heads are employed to defend their colonies and especially the narrow galleries that
connect the many underground rooms that make up their nests.


jugo 4.JPG
Workers and soldiers of J. tuberculatus. It's amazing to see the defensive specialization of the latter caste compared to the former and think they are not only the same species,
but also sibilings!


jugo 1.JPG
A young but already physogastric queen of J. tuberculatus along with a soldier. While this species is quite common where it's found, the royals are much more rarely seen.
 

aaarg

Arachnoknight
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Feb 26, 2013
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great photos! fascinating to see the differences between the castes
 

Tentacle Toast

Arachnobaron
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Hey, I was WONDERING where you've been! Glad you had a safe trip. Always love seeing what you've got to share...
 

The Snark

Dumpster Fire of the Gods
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@ItalianTermiteMan Query. What is the ratio of soldiers to workers? Does this vary from species to species and does it alter within a species depending upon their environment?
Obviously I'm looking for natural adaptation from benign to hostile environments and if the ratio varies or remains relatively fixed in some many or all termite species.
 

ItalianTermiteMan

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@ItalianTermiteMan Query. What is the ratio of soldiers to workers? Does this vary from species to species and does it alter within a species depending upon their environment?
Obviously I'm looking for natural adaptation from benign to hostile environments and if the ratio varies or remains relatively fixed in some many or all termite species.
The ratio of soldiers varies enormously among species, from almost a quarter of the colony to one in thousands (or more) workers, and of course in several species there are no soldiers at all. Whitin the same species the ratio should be quite stable, however well matured colonies (and likely those that have access to abundant resources) do tend to have more soldiers.
 

The Snark

Dumpster Fire of the Gods
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The ratio of soldiers varies enormously among species, from almost a quarter of the colony to one in thousands (or more) workers, and of course in several species there are no soldiers at all.
Has a study been done on the soldier populations to the immediate environments? A correlation? That is, indicative of present time adaptation as opposed to following genetic instructions that could have developed eons ago and may no longer be relevant. Essentially, the greatest population of a genus of animals on the planet may reveal evolutionary developmental trends applicable to other animals.
 

Ultum4Spiderz

ArachnoGod
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Oct 13, 2011
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Hello Forum!
It's has been quite a while since i last posted here, and that was because i've been tagging along a research team on a termite expedition in Camerun, Cetral Africa. Now i'm back with new nice memories and photos (plus legally obtained and exported samples) and it's time to share some with you. We'll start with a termite species that i always liked a lot and was esthatic to finally see: Jugositermes tuberculatus!

This is a species of central-African soil-feeding Apicotermitinae usually found at the base of large trees where it nests in an underground series of chambers connected by narrow tunnels. While the workers are very similar in appearance to those of most others of their subfamily, the soldiers are very peculiar: robust, armed with very thick mandibles but especially equipped with a pari of very conspicuous armored ridges running above the antennal sockets, which further strenghten the already well hardened head capsule.
But now, let's start with some pics:


View attachment 462328
Two soldiers of J. tuberculatus. Note their very robust build, the thick mandibles and the aforementioned armored ridges.


View attachment 462329
Soldiers of J. tuberculatus. Their powerful crushing-type mandibles and armored "shield-like" heads are employed to defend their colonies and especially the narrow galleries that
connect the many underground rooms that make up their nests.


View attachment 462330
Workers and soldiers of J. tuberculatus. It's amazing to see the defensive specialization of the latter caste compared to the former and think they are not only the same species,
but also sibilings!


View attachment 462332
A young but already physogastric queen of J. tuberculatus along with a soldier. While this species is quite common where it's found, the royals are much more rarely seen.
Wow 🤩 another interesting species of termite! How hard were the nest to find on your expedition?
 

ItalianTermiteMan

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Has a study been done on the soldier populations to the immediate environments? A correlation? That is, indicative of present time adaptation as opposed to following genetic instructions that could have developed eons ago and may no longer be relevant. Essentially, the greatest population of a genus of animals on the planet may reveal evolutionary developmental trends applicable to other animals.
I'm not sure such a study has been done.


Wow 🤩 another interesting species of termite! How hard were the nest to find on your expedition?
Yes, these were really cool! This species was quite common in the forest i resided in, and i found them multiple times. The nest is fully subterranean tough (as are the termites themselves), so to find it you just have to dig in promising places and hope: the best spot is under large trees with lots of detritus accumulation at their base, where you can find "armies" of many soil feeder species.
 

ItalianTermiteMan

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the head shape almost reminds me of colobopsis or some pheidole sp
The reinforced frontal side of the head do act as a shield of sort similarly to Colobopsis, as these termites fight best in the narrow galleries that connect each chamber of their nests where the enemy can approach only from the front.
 
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