The (probably unfair) reputation of one of my favorite aquarium snails, the bladder snail

Wayfarin

Arachnoknight
Joined
Mar 20, 2022
Messages
237
Bladder snails.
Anyone who is considered an aquarium hobbyist has probably heard of them. Anyone with planted tanks has probably seen them.
They have lots of synonym names. Pond snails, tadpole snails, pouch snails, physae, etc. To pufferfish keepers, they are "feeder" snails. To most others, "pest" snail is the preferred term.
While many shrimp keepers and hobbyists love snails, they tend to lean towards nerite snails, trapdoor snails, and sometimes even red-rimmed melania snails, a sort of "loved and hated" species. These are the "good" snails.
Assassin snails are also "good" because they eat bladder snails.

Nerite and assassin snails? Good! Bladder snails? Pests!

But are bladder snails really pests?
Generally accused of being an invasive species, Physella acuta is probably native to much of North America. We're not sure how much of it's range is native, but it's probably native to the Mississippi River Drainage and most of eastern North America, perhaps ranging north to Maine and west to Montana. Many populations in North America may have originated in the Mississippi Drainage, been imported to the Old World, and then ended up back in North America, giving them a rather awkward status as "invasive" rather than native.

Wherever they came from, they are now common in the aquarium trade. Not intentionally, for the most part. The eggs and babies of this species are laid in aquatic plants, and those eggs and babies are hard to see, let alone remove.

In this respect, they are like red-rimmed melania snails. But unlike red-rimmed melania snails, these snails breathe air from the surface. This makes them extremely resilient to poor water conditions. They can even survive in tap water for extended periods.
This hardiness makes them difficult to kill.
But why kill them? Are they really that much of a problem?
It is indeed true that they are very prolific. A sexless species, one bladder snail can impregnate itself enough to lay multiple clutches of eggs. Once there are multiple snails, they mate with each other to produce even greater yields of offspring. I started out with one bladder snail. I now have several.
But what's even wrong with having an "infestation" of snails? Does it just look bad?
One problem they present is that they may clog filter systems. They have a reputation for doing this, but I can't find much evidence of this happening very often.

One of the most common ideas about bladder snails is that they pollute the aquarium with a high bioload of waste. But as far as I'm concerned, this is a MYTH.
Why? Bladder snails do indeed poop a lot, but because they dine on a mostly herbivorous diet, there is not much ammonia in their waste. What protein they do consume is often rotting dead organisms, which are nasty pollutants to water in their own right. In fact, almost all of what bladder snails consume adds some ammonia to the water!
. Dead plants
. Shed leaves and needles
. Dead shrimp and snails
. Dead algae (Much worse for water quality than living algae. In fact, algae is another organism with an almost undeserved reputation!)
. Uneaten fish food
. Fish waste (Some people say that they don't consume fish waste. While they probably do not consume significant quantities of it, it's very unlikely that they avoid it, since terrestrial gastropods regularly dine on dung.)
And what are they turning all of this into?
Waste.
Okay, so maybe they aren't "cleaning" the aquarium, but they are also barely adding anything to it.
And if your definition of bioload also refers to oxygen depletion, bladder snails barely breathe any oxygen from the water when they have access to surface air.
So they barely add ammonia to the water, and they barely use oxygen.
The same can be said for the similarly despised ramshorns, but cannot be said for the much loved nerite snails, which compete with shrimp and other tank mates for oxygen.
Okay, if bladder snails should die off for some cause, THAT would add quite some ammonia to the water. But the problem is the DEAD snails, not the live ones.
So assassin snails, another much loved species, aren't going to fix the problem. In fact, the bladder snails are more of a help to the problem that they cause, because live snails scavenge dead ones.
And because they are so bulletproof, it's actually quite unlikely that a die-off would occur. Such an problem would be much more likely for nerite snails, assassin snails, and shrimp, because they are so sensitive that many things can cause them to die off.

Bladder snails: 2
Nerite snails: 0

I'm not trying to degrade the much loved hobby snail species. But "good" snails and "pest" snails are just human labels, in my opinion.
And in my opinion, there is no such thing as a "pest" aquarium snail. Just a "hated" snail.
Pondsnailbladdersnail.jpg
What do you think? Are bladder snails really the "pests" that people claim they are?
Share your experiences.
 

Wayfarin

Arachnoknight
Joined
Mar 20, 2022
Messages
237
In my opinion, the fact that these snails breathe atmospheric oxygen is a completely ignored benefit by most aquarium hobbyists.
It gives them (and ramshorn snails) a major advantage over nerite, trapdoor, mystery, red-rimmed melania, and assassin snails, which are gill-breathers.
Gill-breathing snails not only compete with fish and shrimp for oxygen, but with nitrifying bacteria.
This gives them an indirectly higher bioload than bladder snails.

In fact, almost no aquarium inhabitant should have as low a bioload as detritus-consuming, air-breathing bladder snails. Only dead snails are an issue.
The only way that bladder snails contribute to the bioload is by consuming live algae and turning it into ammonia-producing waste. But the consumption of algae is overall beneficial, and bladder snails don't eat anything that doesn't already cause problems.
(Don't confuse bladder snails with lymnaeid pond snails, which unfortunately damage plants.)
 

Arthroverts

Arachnoking
Joined
Jul 11, 2016
Messages
2,467
I don’t see much vitriol directed towards bladder snails amongst the aquatic snail-keeping community personally, but perhaps I am just out of touch. They sound similar to Pomacea in many ways.

Thanks,

Arthroverts
 

Wayfarin

Arachnoknight
Joined
Mar 20, 2022
Messages
237
I don’t see much vitriol directed towards bladder snails amongst the aquatic snail-keeping community personally, but perhaps I am just out of touch. They sound similar to Pomacea in many ways.

Thanks,

Arthroverts
Maybe not among snail hobbyists, but shrimp and fish hobbyists, people who I guess just think of snails as just cleaners and not really tank mates, sure to seem to hate them. And one website actually has a list of "good" snails and "bad" snails, and it kind of annoys me. I personally just think that it comes down to whether you like snails in general, or just want them to serve your purposes appropriately. I very much consider snails to be part of the tank community, whether colorful exotic or hitchhiker.

Even if they are just cleaners, they are entertaining little algae Roombas in my opinion.
 
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